Malayalam Era or Kollavarsham is a solar Sideral calendar used in the the state of Kerala in South India.
Origin
Almost all of the regions kerala used to the Kali yuga before the acceptance of Kollavarsham.
The start of the Malayalam Era has been attributed to many origins.
According to Tharisapalli plates the era was stated by Nestorian merchants who settled in KorukeNi kollam, near to the present Kollam. The other popular notion according to Hermann Gundert, it coordinated with consecration of a shiva temple during the reign of Udaya Marthanda Varma. Another theory is that Kollavarsham was started by the Saint Sankaracharya in 825 AD.
Calendar
The Malayalam year starts in the month of August,usually falling on the 16th or 17th of August.
| Months in Malayalam Era | Gregorian Calendar | Tamil calendar | Saka era | Hijra Era |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chingam | August- september | Aavani-Purattasi | SRavaN- bhadrapada | Rajab - Sha`ban |
| kanni | September-October | Purattasi-Aippasi | Bhadrapada - aSvina | Sha`ban - Ramadan |
| thulAm | October-November | Aippasi - Karthigai | aSvina - Kartika | Ramadan - Shawwal |
| vrushichikam | November-December | Karthigai - Margazhi | Kartika - Agrahayana | Shawwal - Dhu l-Qa`da |
| Dhanu | December-January | Margazhi - Thai | Agrahayana - Pausa | Dhu l-Qa`da - Dhu l-Hijja |
| makaram | January-February | Thai - Maasi | Pausa - Magha | Dhu l-Hijja - Muharram |
| kumBham | February-March | Maasi - Panguni | Magha - Phalguna | Muharram - Safar |
| mEnam | March-April | Panguni - Chithtrai | Phalguna - chaitra | Safar - Rabi`al-Awwal |
| mEdam | April-May | Chithtrai - Vaikasi | Chaitra - VaiSakha | Rabi`al-Awwal - Rabi`ath-Thani |
| Edavam | May-June | Vaikasi- Aani | Vaisakha - JyaisTha | Rabi`ath-Thani - Jumada l-Ula |
| midhunam | June-July | Aani - Aadi | JyaisTha - AsaDa | Jumada l-Ula - Jumada t-Tania |
| Karkidakam | July-August | Aadi - Aavani | AsaDa - Sravana | Jumada t-Tania - Rajab |
Like the months above, there are 27 stars starting from Aswathi and ending in Revathi. The 365 days of the year is divided into a group of 14 days called Njattuvela, each one bearing the name of a star.
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